DISCLAIMER: The mission of Headache Association of the Pacific, Inc., doing business as Headache Cooperative of the Pacific (“HCOP”), is to promote scientific and clinical education and advancement in the field of headache medicine. HCOP membership is open to all healthcare providers who treat, and all healthcare researchers who study, headache patients. HCOP maintains this List Serve solely for the benefit of its members to allow them to post questions and engage in discussion of clinical and research issues. All clinical descriptions and discussions of treatment options and outcomes (i) are strictly hypothetical and theoretical in nature; (ii) are intended solely for the educational benefit of HCOP members; and (iii) may not be used in any legal capacity whatsoever, including but not limited to establishing a standard of care or providing a basis for expert opinion or testimony. All treatment discussions and suggestions are made without the benefit of first-hand patient examination or diagnosis and may not be used or relied upon by treatment professionals or patients as treatment advice. Responders cannot be held responsible or liable for the outcome of any specific treatments or cases based on the discussions herein. Patient care is the sole responsibility of the healthcare provider involved in the provider/patient relationship. No discussion herein may be reproduced, in whole or in part, without the express written consent given in advance by all persons involved. The discussions herein have no affiliation with any drug or device companies.